Title deed and document guide
What are condominium ownership, construction servitude and an occupancy permit?
A few words written on the title deed raise important questions about the legal and physical condition of a house; but that alone does not give the whole answer. Understanding the relationship between condominium ownership, floor easement and building occupancy permit provides a start to investigate whether the document and the structure seen on site confirm each other.
One-minute summary
What to remember before deciding
- Do not accept floor easement and floor ownership as the same legal status.
- Verify the building occupancy permit, known as Iskan, from the relevant administration.
- Investigate the compatibility of the land registry, the approved architectural project and the current use.
- Make sure that the independent section information in the document and the apartment you are visiting are the same section.
- Don't cover up uncertainty with just a verbal explanation; Confirm from appropriate expert and official source.
Three concepts do not mean the same thing
Construction servitude is a right established on the basis of land share for independent sections in a building that has not yet been completed. Condominium ownership is an ownership system established for separate, independently usable sections of a completed building.
Building occupancy permit, which is called iskan in everyday language, is the document issued by the relevant administration so that the building can be completed and used in accordance with the license and its annexes. These three topics are interrelated; However, it is not right to assume that all other checks have been completed based on the presence of one.
| Title | What does it basically indicate? | What to ask next? |
|---|---|---|
| Floor easement | Right to independent section connected to the project | Is the building completed, what is the permit and project status? |
| Condominium | Ownership of independent section in completed structure | Are the record, project and current usage compatible? |
| Building occupancy permit | Administrative document regarding the use of the building | What is the scope and current structure of the document? |
Also verify the transition from floor easement to condominium
The General Directorate of Land Registry and Cadastre explains that ex officio transition to condominium ownership can be made through certain processes in buildings where a floor easement has been established and a building permit has been obtained. However, do not rely solely on the age of the building or the seller's statement without seeing the current record of the real estate in your possession.
Ask the owner for the current title deed record and, if available, the building permit. Learn the scope of controls that can be carried out through Web Land Registry and the relevant administration; Do not accept an old document photo in place of a current record.
- Main real estate and independent section information in the current land registry
- Floor, independent section number, land share and quality
- Date and scope of the building occupancy permit
- Application or registration status for transfer to condominium
- License and project file in the relevant administration
Document disciplineThe sentence "The building is occupied" does not say which document was seen.Verbal information should not be considered decision data unless the name of the document, its date, the structure it covers and its relationship with the current record are clearly seen.
Read the title deed, approved project and current status together
The most important question is not just the existence of the document, but the corroboration of the three sources.
The land registry carries ownership and independent section information; This alone does not show that the current plan of the flat is the same as the approved architectural project. Changes such as closing the balcony, joining the section from the common area, wet area location or actually combining two sections should be examined separately.
Compare the floor, number, entrance location and location of the independent section you are visiting on the project. If there is a difference between the current use and the approved project, do not guess the legal and technical consequences of this; Clarify by municipal record and appropriate expert review.
- Is the independent section in the title deed the same as the section visited?
- Have the walls, balconies and wet areas in the approved plan been preserved?
- How is the use of public areas or plugins described in the document?
- Can warehouse, car park or terrace rights be verified by registration?
- Is there permission or project for subsequent changes?
Investigate the impact of document status on transaction flow from the beginning
Title deed quality, building occupancy permit status, bank's valuation result, insurance and sales transaction are different parts of the same file. Just because a real estate can be advertised or toured does not mean that every financial institution will provide loans under the same conditions.
If a loan will be used, learn the acceptance conditions specific to the real estate from the relevant bank and the appraisal process. Check the necessary documents regarding the sale from TKGM's current statements; Make any shortcomings that may arise on the transaction day visible before the bid.
Decision orderUnderstand the document first, then set up the financing and offer condition accordingly.Rather than trying to resolve an unclear registration situation after the deposit, determine up front what verifications will be included in the offer terms.
Create a small control file before bid
In the decision file, keep the name of the document, from whom and on what date it was received, from which official source it was verified, and the open question in separate columns. This creates a traceable control flow instead of confusing screenshots and verbal statements.
Legal registration, architectural compliance and technical status are different areas of expertise. A positive result on one topic does not automatically confirm the other; When necessary, obtain the opinions of lawyers, architects, engineers, appraisers and the relevant administration within their scope.
| Control | Source | Result |
|---|---|---|
| Current land registry | Web Title Deed / TKGM | Verified / open question |
| Building occupancy permit | Relevant municipality or administration | Scope and date |
| Approved architectural project | Relevant administrative file | Compatibility with the current situation |
| Technical status | Related expert review | Risk and response |
Frequently asked questions
Clear, concise answers
01Is it possible to buy a house with floor easement?
Floor easement registration alone does not produce the same results for all real estate. The completion of the building, building occupancy permit, approved project, current use, financing and current title deed status must be verified specific to the real estate.
02If there is a condominium, should occupancy be checked separately?
Current land registry is important data; However, the compatibility of the scope of the building occupancy permit with the approved project and current use can also be investigated in the purchase file.
03Can the buyer see the title deed record himself?
The scope of personal access and authorization varies by transaction. Owner can access his own records and documents via Web Title Deed; The buyer must request the necessary up-to-date documents from the owner and learn the verification method from TKGM.